BARINAS – Twice in less than two months, Venezuela’s opposition has prevailed in the gubernatorial race in the home state of the late President Hugo Chávez, shocking the ruling socialist party he founded.
Voters in the state of Barinas on Sunday picked a candidate from the U.S.-backed opposition in a closely watched special election that was called after the contender representing that bloc in November’s regular contest was retroactively disqualified as he was ahead in the vote count.
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Sergio Garrido got 55.4% of the vote, according to electoral authorities, defeating former foreign minister Jorge Arreaza, whose campaign drew ruling party heavy hitters in an all-out effort to keep the bastion of Chavismo under their control. The candidates campaigned for roughly five weeks after Venezuela’s highest court disqualified opposition candidate Freddy Superlano and the special contest was scheduled.
“This town of Barinas accepted the challenge democratically, and today, we managed to be the iconic state of all Venezuela,” Garrido said Sunday. ”... Today, the people of Barinas demonstrated that in unity and with the strength of all of you, they achieved it, they managed to overcome obstacles, we managed to overcome adversity.”
Superlano was disqualified Nov. 29 while he was ahead by less than a percentage point over incumbent Gov. Argenis Chávez, one of Hugo Chávez’s brothers. Superlano’s wife, who was chosen as his successor, was disqualified, too. So was her substitute.
Argenis Chávez resigned as governor following Superlano’s disqualification and did not enter the race in the special election, leaving the governor’s ballot free of a Chavez family member for the first time in more than two decades. The ruling party then chose Arreaza as its candidate.
In picking Arreaza, President Nicolas Maduro said the ruling party needed a new candidate “to go to the rescue.” The party rallied its base, urging unity, and even ended a gasoline rationing system that Barinas residents loathed. But it was enough for many people angry over a lack of basic services like gas, water and electricity, deficient health care services and hunger from food scarcity.
Arreaza conceded the contest Sunday evening before any results were announced by electoral officials.
Supporters of Arreaza gathered at a theater Monday, chanting “Morale up, comrades!” and “Viva Arreaza!”
“Undoubtedly, we must accept with dignity the quantitative, numerical defeat that we suffered yesterday,” Arreaza told his supporters. “That only makes us fill ourselves with learnings, with lessons, and we have to analyze very well (the results) ... We have been analyzing the results, comparing them, and well, those results speak, but they also speak of the fact that we also grew almost 30,000 votes, comrades ... If we had had one more week, one more campaign month, the story would have been different. ”
Vote counts for the ruling party have been declining since 2017 across the country. About 6.5 million people voted for pro-government candidates during that year’s regional elections. On Nov. 21, that number dropped to about 3.7 million.
The significance of the election was not lost on voters.
“I feel in high spirits to participate again so we can finally move forward from this issue that began on Nov. 21,” Luisa Contreras, 70, said before entering a voting center.
Venezuela’s high court, which is one of many government bodies seen as loyal to Maduro’s government, disqualified Superlano even though he had been given a presidential pardon that had made the candidate and other members of the opposition eligible to run in November’s regional elections.
The moves in Barinas raised further doubts about the fairness of Venezuela’s electoral system following the first vote in years in which most major political parties took part, albeit divided over the value of doing so.
The opposition parties grouped in the so-called “Unitary Platform” and led by Juan Guaidó boycotted previous elections, including the reelection of Maduro as president in May 2018, arguing that Venezuela lacks the conditions for free and just contests. However, some small opposition organizations bucked the boycott and took part, as some did in 2020’s legislative elections.
Guaidó did not vote on Nov. 21. On Monday, he insisted that electoral participation is a “false dilemma” under the conditions of a “dictatorship,” but praised voters for Sunday’s result, nonetheless.
“The will to fight is the most important thing that happened yesterday,” Guaidó told reporters Monday. “The electoral result, fundamental. Unity, very important, a requirement to face this regime. But the message that I want to leave to the people of Venezuela ... is that they are the majority, it is that we have not given up, and we are not going to do so. It is that the democratic resistance does give its fruits and that the strength and conviction to see a free country generates results.”
November’s regional elections were monitored by over 130 observers from the European Union, the U.N. and the U.S.-based Carter Center.
A preliminary report from European Union observers concluded the contests were held under better conditions than other Venezuelan ballots in recent years but were still marred by “structural deficiencies,” including the disqualification of opposition contenders.
The EU team did not comment on the situation in Barinas, but a report from the Carter Center criticized the court’s intervention.
“There was also a general atmosphere of political repression, and more than 250 people are being held as political prisoners,” the center said. “The tribunal’s recent decision to suspend the tabulation of votes for the governorship of Barinas is another example of its interference in the electoral process.”
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Garcia Cano reported from Mexico City.